Nosebleed (epistaxis)
What is a nosebleed?
A nosebleed occurs the the lining of of the nasal passages are irritated or disturbed enough to cause bleeding.
Why does it happen?
- Most cases of epistaxis do not have an easily identifiable cause.
- Children usually have a nosebleed due to local irritation or recent upper respiratory infection (URI).
- Local trauma such as nose picking, is the most common cause, followed by facial trauma, foreign bodies, nasal or sinus infections, and prolonged inhalation of dry air.
- A disturbance of normal nasal airflow, as occurs in a deviated nasal septum, may also be a cause of epistaxis.
How is an active nosebleed treated?
- Stay calm as this will keep your child calm too.
- In a seated position with the head slightly tilted forward, as this prevents blood going down the back of the throat and helps the blood to clot in the nose.
- Pinch the nose above the opening of the nostrils, NOT the bridge of the nose. This applies pressure to the most likely areas of bleeding.
- Hold pressure for at LEAST 5 minutes, DO NOT let go for least 5 minutes (look at a clock).
- Apply a cool compress to the bridge of the nose for a few minutes.
If the nose is still bleeding after 10-15 minutes, please call our office.
How can I prevent nosebleeds?
- Use a humidifier
- Apply a lubricant to the inside of the nose such as Aquaphor® or Ayr® Nasal Gel.
- Avoid nose-picking, rubbing or forceful blowing.
- Avoid exposure to second-hand smoke.
CALL OUR OFFICE:
IMMEDIATELY if:
- Breathing becomes difficult
- Your child develops drooling, vomiting or great difficulty in swallowing.
- Your child develops retractions (tugging in) between the ribs.
- Your child starts acting very sick and is unable to drink fluids.
- Bleeding continues for more than 10-15 minutes
During regular hours if:
- Bleeding, on & off, lasts for more than more than 3 days
- If you have other concerns or questions.
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