Our Health Library information does not replace the advice of a doctor. Please be advised that this information is made available to assist our patients to learn more about their health. Our providers may not see and/or treat all topics found herein.

Migraine Headaches

Condition Basics

Media Gallery(1 picture)

What are migraine headaches?

Migraines are painful, throbbing headaches that last from 4 to 72 hours. When you have a migraine, it may be so painful that you aren't able to do your usual activities. But migraines can be treated. And even though they make you feel bad, they don't cause long-term damage.

What causes them?

Experts aren't sure what causes migraines. They believe that changes in the activity of brain cells may lead to inflammation in certain nerves, which causes pain. Migraines often run in families, so genetics may play a role for some people. Some things, called triggers, can cause a migraine to start.

What can trigger a migraine headache?

Triggers are things that can cause a migraine headache, Opens dialog to start. They include changes in daily routine, foods, hormones, and medicines. They can also include lights, odors, changes in the weather, or other things in the environment. Strong emotions, such as depression or anxiety, can also be triggers. Triggers are different for each person.

What are the symptoms?

The most common symptom of a migraine headache is a throbbing pain on one side of your head, Opens dialog or behind an eye. Some people have an aura, Opens dialog shortly before or during the headache. During an aura, you may see spots or flashing lights. Other symptoms of migraine include nausea, vomiting, and sensitivity to light.

How are they diagnosed?

To diagnose migraines, your doctor will ask about your personal and family history and examine you. Your doctor will ask how many headaches you have, how long they last, and what symptoms you have. You may get tests if your doctor thinks your symptoms may be caused by another disease.

How are migraine headaches treated?

You can't cure migraines, but medicines and other treatments may help you feel better. Avoiding triggers can help too. You may be able to treat your headaches with over-the-counter pain medicine. If that doesn't work, your doctor can prescribe stronger medicine. You may also try medicine to help prevent migraines.

Next Section:

Health Tools

Current as of: December 20, 2023

Author: Ignite Healthwise, LLC Staff

Clinical Review Board
All Healthwise education is reviewed by a team that includes physicians, nurses, advanced practitioners, registered dieticians, and other healthcare professionals.